How to Find Files Exceeding Maximum URL Length using PowerShell in SharePoint Online

​Microsoft Office Excel files stored in deep Folder, sub-folder structures with long names often result in an error when they exceed the maximum file URL length of 218 characters. I wanted to proactively scan the entire SharePoint Online environment for Excel files with long URLs. Though i have found that up to 259 characters it all works fine and have tested it a few times without any issues.

PowerShell to Get All Excel Files that Exceeds Maximum Character Limit

This PowerShell script scans Excel files in all document libraries in a given site collection, Checks if any file URL length is greater than the given limit and export output report to a CSV format.

Import-Module Microsoft.Online.SharePoint.PowerShell -DisableNameChecking
#Function to scan all files with long file names in a site
Function Scan-SPOLongFilePath($SiteURL)
{
Try {
#Setup the context
$Ctx = New-Object Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.ClientContext($SiteURL)
$Ctx.Credentials = New-Object Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.SharePointOnlineCredentials($Cred.UserName,$Cred.Password)

#Get the web from given URL and its subsites
$Web = $Ctx.web
$Ctx.Load($Web)
$Ctx.Load($Web.Lists)
$Ctx.Load($web.Webs)
$Ctx.executeQuery()

#Arry to Skip System Lists and Libraries
$SystemLists = @("Converted Forms", "Master Page Gallery", "Customized Reports", "Form Templates", "List Template Gallery", "Theme Gallery",
"Reporting Templates", "Solution Gallery", "Style Library", "Web Part Gallery","Site Assets", "wfpub", "Site Pages", "Images")

Write-host -f Yellow "Processing Site: $SiteURL"

#Filter Document Libraries to Scan 
$Lists = $Web.Lists | Where {$_.BaseType -eq "DocumentLibrary" -and $_.Hidden -eq $false -and $SystemLists -notcontains $_.Title}
#Loop through each document library
Foreach ($List in $Lists)
{
#Get All Files of Given File type from the document library - Excluding Folders
$Query = New-Object Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.CamlQuery
$CAMLQuery = "<View Scope='RecursiveAll'><Query><Where><And><Eq><FieldRef Name='FSObjType' /><Value Type='Integer'>0</Value></Eq><Eq><FieldRef Name='File_x0020_Type' /><Value Type='Text'>$FileExtension</Value></Eq></And></Where></Query></View>"
$Query.ViewXml = $CAMLQuery
$ListItems= $List.GetItems($Query)
$Ctx.Load($ListItems)
$Ctx.ExecuteQuery() 

If($ListItems.count -gt 0)
{
Write-host -f Cyan "`t Processing Document Library: '$($List.Title)', Auditing $($ListItems.Count) Item(s)"

$DocumentInventory = @()
#Iterate through each file and get data
Foreach($Item in $ListItems)
{
$File = $Item.File
$Ctx.Load($File)
$Ctx.ExecuteQuery()

#calculate the Absolute encoded URL of the File
If($Web.ServerRelativeUrl -eq "/")
{
$AbsoluteURL= $("{0}{1}" -f $Web.Url, $ListItem.FieldValues["FileRef"])
}
else
{
$AbsoluteURL= $("{0}{1}" -f $Web.Url.Replace($Web.ServerRelativeUrl,''), $Item.FieldValues["FileRef"])
}
$AbsoluteURL = [uri]::EscapeUriString($AbsoluteURL)

If($AbsoluteURL.length -gt $MaxUrlLength)
{
Write-host "`t`tFound a Long File URL at '$AbsoluteURL'" -f Green
#Collect document data
$DocumentData = New-Object PSObject
$DocumentData | Add-Member NoteProperty SiteURL($SiteURL)
$DocumentData | Add-Member NoteProperty DocLibraryName($List.Title)
$DocumentData | Add-Member NoteProperty FileName($File.Name)
$DocumentData | Add-Member NoteProperty FileURL($AbsoluteURL)
$DocumentData | Add-Member NoteProperty CreatedBy($Item["Author"].Email)
$DocumentData | Add-Member NoteProperty CreatedOn($File.TimeCreated)
$DocumentData | Add-Member NoteProperty ModifiedBy($Item["Editor"].Email)
$DocumentData | Add-Member NoteProperty LastModifiedOn($File.TimeLastModified)
$DocumentData | Add-Member NoteProperty Size-KB([math]::Round($File.Length/1KB))

#Add the result to an Array
$DocumentInventory += $DocumentData
}
}
#Export the result to CSV file
$DocumentInventory | Export-CSV $ReportOutput -NoTypeInformation -Append
}
} 
#Iterate through all subsites of the current site
ForEach ($Subweb in $Web.Webs)
{
#Call the function recursively
Scan-SPOLongFilePath($Subweb.url)
}
}
Catch {
write-host -f Red "Error Scaning Document Library Inventory!" $_.Exception.Message
}
}

#Set Parameters
$SiteURL= "https://xxxx.sharepoint.com/sites/Marketing"
$ReportOutput="C:\temp\LongFileNames.csv"
$FileExtension = "xlsx"
$MaxUrlLength = 259

#Get Credentials to connect
$Cred = Get-Credential

#Delete the Output Report if exists
If (Test-Path $ReportOutput) { Remove-Item $ReportOutput }

#Call the function 
Scan-SPOLongFilePath $SiteURL

For lists and libraries with < 5000 items, this script works absolutely fine. Let’s re-code in in PnP PowerShell.

PnP PowerShell to Audit SharePoint Online Site Collection for Long URLs
​
This PnP PowerShell script scans the given site collection for long files and folders, and exports its findings to a CSV file.

#Parameters
$SiteURL = "https://Crescent.SharePoint.com/sites/docs"
$MaxUrlLength = 218
$CSVPath = "C:\Temp\LongURLInventory.csv"
$global:LongURLInventory = @()
$Pagesize = 2000
  
#Get Credentials to connect
#$Credential = Get-Credential
    
#Function to scan and collect long files
Function Get-PnPLongURLInventory
{
    [cmdletbinding()]
    param([parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)] $Web)
  
    Write-host "Scanning Files with Long URL in Site '$($Web.URL)'" -f Yellow
    If($Web.ServerRelativeUrl -eq "/")
    {
        $TenantURL= $Web.Url
    }
    Else
    {
        $TenantURL= $Web.Url.Replace($Web.ServerRelativeUrl,'')
    }
     
    #Get All Large Lists from the Web - Exclude Hidden and certain lists
    $ExcludedLists = @("Form Templates", "Preservation Hold Library","Site Assets", "Pages", "Site Pages", "Images",
                            "Site Collection Documents", "Site Collection Images","Style Library")
                              
    #Get All Document Libraries from the Web
    Get-PnPList -Web $Web -PipelineVariable List | Where-Object {$_.BaseType -eq "DocumentLibrary" -and $_.Hidden -eq $false -and $_.Title -notin $ExcludedLists -and $_.ItemCount -gt 0} | ForEach-Object {
        #Get Items from List  
        $global:counter = 0;
        $ListItems = Get-PnPListItem -List $_ -Web $web -PageSize $Pagesize -Fields Author, Created, File_x0020_Type -ScriptBlock { Param($items) $global:counter += $items.Count; Write-Progress -PercentComplete ($global:Counter / ($_.ItemCount) * 100) -Activity "Getting List Items of '$($_.Title)'" -Status "Processing Items $global:Counter to $($_.ItemCount)";}
        $LongListItems = $ListItems | Where { ([uri]::EscapeUriString($_.FieldValues.FileRef).Length + $TenantURL.Length ) -gt $MaxUrlLength }
        Write-Progress -Activity "Completed Retrieving Items from List $($List.Title)" -Completed
                 
        If($LongListItems.count -gt 0)
        {
            #Get Root folder of the List
            $Folder = Get-PnPProperty -ClientObject $_ -Property RootFolder
            Write-host "`tFound '$($LongListItems.count)' Items with Long URLs at '$($Folder.ServerRelativeURL)'" -f Green
 
            #Iterate through each long url item and collect data          
            ForEach($ListItem in $LongListItems)
            {
                #Calculate Encoded Full URL of the File
                $AbsoluteURL =  "$TenantURL$($ListItem.FieldValues.FileRef)"
                $EncodedURL = [uri]::EscapeUriString($AbsoluteURL)
  
                    #Collect document data
                    $global:LongURLInventory += New-Object PSObject -Property ([ordered]@{
                        SiteName  = $Web.Title
                        SiteURL  = $Web.URL
                        LibraryName = $List.Title
                        LibraryURL = $Folder.ServerRelativeURL
                        ItemName = $ListItem.FieldValues.FileLeafRef
                        Type = $ListItem.FileSystemObjectType
                        FileType = $ListItem.FieldValues.File_x0020_Type
                        AbsoluteURL = $AbsoluteURL
                        EncodedURL = $EncodedURL
                        UrlLength = $EncodedURL.Length                     
                        CreatedBy = $ListItem.FieldValues.Author.LookupValue
                        CreatedByEmail  = $ListItem.FieldValues.Author.Email
                        CreatedAt = $ListItem.FieldValues.Created
                        ModifiedBy = $ListItem.FieldValues.Editor.LookupValue
                        ModifiedByEmail = $ListItem.FieldValues.Editor.Email
                        ModifiedAt = $ListItem.FieldValues.Modified                       
                    })
                }
            }
        }
}
 
#Connect to Site collection
Connect-PnPOnline -Url $SiteURL -UseWebLogin
   
#Call the Function for Web & all Subwebs
Get-PnPWeb | Get-PnPLongURLInventory
Get-PnPSubWebs -Recurse| ForEach-Object { Get-PnPLongURLInventory $_ }
Disconnect-PnPOnline
  
#Export Documents Inventory to CSV
$Global:LongURLInventory | Export-Csv $CSVPath -NoTypeInformation
Write-host "Report has been Exported to '$CSVPath'"  -f Magenta

​Let’s scan all files across all site collections in the entire tenant for all files with long file URLs.

#Parameters
$Domain =  "crescent" #Domain Name in SharePoint Online. E.g. https://Crescent.SharePoint.com
$MaxUrlLength = 218
$CSVFile = "C:\Temp\LongURLInventory.csv"
$Pagesize = 2000
 
#Frame Tenant URL and Tenant Admin URL
$TenantURL = "https://$Domain.SharePoint.com"
$TenantAdminURL = "https://$Domain-Admin.SharePoint.com"
   
#Function to scan and collect long files
Function Get-PnPLongURLInventory
{
    [cmdletbinding()]
    param([parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)] $Web)
  
    Write-host "Scanning Files with Long URL in Site '$($Web.URL)'" -f Yellow
 
    #Get All Large Lists from the Web - Exclude Hidden and certain lists
    $ExcludedLists = @("Form Templates", "Preservation Hold Library","Site Assets", "Pages", "Site Pages", "Images",
                            "Site Collection Documents", "Site Collection Images","Style Library")
                              
    #Get All Document Libraries from the Web
    Get-PnPList -Web $Web -Connection $SiteConn | Where-Object {$_.BaseType -eq "DocumentLibrary" -and $_.Hidden -eq $false -and $_.Title -notin $ExcludedLists -and $_.ItemCount -gt 0} | ForEach-Object {
        #Get Items from List  
        $global:counter = 0;
        $LongURLInventory = @()
        $ListItems = Get-PnPListItem -List $_ -Web $web -Connection $SiteConn -PageSize $Pagesize -Fields Author, Created, File_x0020_Type -ScriptBlock { Param($items) $global:counter += $items.Count; Write-Progress -PercentComplete ($global:Counter / ($_.ItemCount) * 100) -Activity "Getting List Items of '$($_.Title)'" -Status "Processing Items $global:Counter to $($_.ItemCount)";}
        $LongListItems = $ListItems | Where { ([uri]::EscapeUriString($_.FieldValues.FileRef).Length + $TenantURL.Length ) -gt $MaxUrlLength }               
        If($LongListItems.count -gt 0)
        {
            #Get Root folder of the List
            $Folder = Get-PnPProperty -ClientObject $_ -Property RootFolder
            Write-host "`tFound '$($LongListItems.count)' Item(s) with Long URLs at '$($Folder.ServerRelativeURL)'" -f Green
 
            #Iterate through each long url item and collect data          
            ForEach($ListItem in $LongListItems)
            {
                #Calculate Encoded Full URL of the File
                $AbsoluteURL =  "$TenantURL$($ListItem.FieldValues.FileRef)"
                $EncodedURL = [uri]::EscapeUriString($AbsoluteURL)
  
                    #Collect document data
                    $LongURLInventory += New-Object PSObject -Property ([ordered]@{
                        SiteName  = $Web.Title
                        SiteURL  = $Web.URL
                        LibraryName = $List.Title
                        LibraryURL = $Folder.ServerRelativeURL
                        ItemName = $ListItem.FieldValues.FileLeafRef
                        Type = $ListItem.FileSystemObjectType
                        FileType = $ListItem.FieldValues.File_x0020_Type
                        AbsoluteURL = $AbsoluteURL
                        EncodedURL = $EncodedURL
                        UrlLength = $EncodedURL.Length                     
                        CreatedBy = $ListItem.FieldValues.Author.LookupValue
                        CreatedByEmail  = $ListItem.FieldValues.Author.Email
                        CreatedAt = $ListItem.FieldValues.Created
                        ModifiedBy = $ListItem.FieldValues.Editor.LookupValue
                        ModifiedByEmail = $ListItem.FieldValues.Editor.Email
                        ModifiedAt = $ListItem.FieldValues.Modified                       
                    })
                }
                #Export Documents Inventory to CSV
                $LongURLInventory | Export-Csv $CSVFile -NoTypeInformation -Append
            }
            Write-Progress -Activity "Completed Exporting Long URL Items from List $($_.Title)" -Completed
        }
}
 
#Connect to Admin Center
Connect-PnPOnline -Url $TenantAdminURL -UseWebLogin
 
#Delete the Output report file if exists
If (Test-Path $CSVFile) { Remove-Item $CSVFile }
 
#Get All Site collections - Filter BOT and MySite Host
$Sites = Get-PnPTenantSite -Filter "Url -like '$TenantURL'"
   
#Iterate through all site collections
$Sites | ForEach-Object {
    #Connect to each site collection
    $SiteConn = Connect-PnPOnline -Url $_.URL -UseWebLogin -ReturnConnection
   
    #Call the Function for Web & all Subwebs
    Get-PnPWeb -Connection $SiteConn | Get-PnPLongURLInventory
    Get-PnPSubWebs -Recurse -Connection $SiteConn | ForEach-Object { Get-PnPLongURLInventory $_ }
 
    Disconnect-PnPOnline -Connection $SiteConn
}

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